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Countries / Madagascar

Population state · Growing

Madagascar

Africa · Eastern Africa · MDG · MG
Population state
Growing
current run since 1950 · projected 2024
Fertility
3.91
211 of 237 with a TFR, lowest first
World population rank
49
of 237
Regional population rank
15
of 58 in Africa
Population
31.96m
Annual change
+773,132
Natural change
+774,927
Migrant share
0.1%
Peak population · projected 2100 Deaths exceed births · not in this year Working-age peak · not reached Support ratio · 16.84 people 15–64 per person 65+
ANNUAL COMPONENTS · 2024 PROJECTED

What drives population change?

Births and deaths set natural change. Net migration can reinforce, reduce, or reverse that direction.

Migration contribution Reduces growth

Negative net migration slows natural growth without reversing it.

Madagascar, 2024 projected: natural change +774,927 people, net migration −1,795, WPP adjustment 0, total population change +773,132. Negative net migration slows natural growth without reversing it.

Exact reconciliation: WPP includes a 0-person statistical adjustment. Figures are rounded to whole people.

SOURCE · UN WPP 2024 CHECKS PASSED · DETAILS⌄
Releasewpp2024
RevisionPOP/DB/WPP/Rev.2024/GEN/F01/Rev.1
Vintage2024 Revision, Online Edition
Retrieved2026-06-25T11:25:03+00:00
LicenceCC BY 3.0 IGO
Formulathousands-to-people-v1 · migration-contribution-v1
Transformsite/src/lib/migration-contribution.ts
Raw file SHA-25698e34d9b65b53858cd08a57a566e45050b08093ad85ba5714fe6fbd78055ae6d
Measurement universeOne canonical country or area; annual natural change, net migration, WPP adjustment, and total population change use the same source row.
Reference time2024 projected annual components; estimates run through 2023.
UnitPeople per year.
Evidence status2024 WPP medium-variant projection.
GROWING · STATE-SPECIFIC EVIDENCE

Growth in this series

75 source years · since 1950 Growing cohort
Current run
Since 1950
75 consecutive years · projected 2024
Latest annual gain
+773,132
2.42% of 2024 population
Series maximum
not established in this series
Still rising at the 2100 horizon of this release.
AGE STRUCTURE · 2023
PROJECTED PATH · WPP 2024 MEDIUM VARIANT
YearPopulationAnnual changeFertility
202431.96m+773,1323.91
205053.19m+832,8322.82
208075.51m+600,1492.25
210085.34m+371,7972.06

Values after 2023 are medium-variant projections, not forecasts.

AGE BALANCE · 1950–2100

Youth and older population

Annual share of the population aged under 18 and aged 65+. The crossing shows when the older group first becomes larger in the annual source series.

First annual crossover
Not reached by 2100
Rule
65+ strictly exceeds under 18

Madagascar annual age balance from 1950 to 2100. Under-18 population moves from 44.9% in 1950 to 46.1% in 2023 and 25.8% in the 2100 projection. Population aged 65 and older moves from 3.3% to 3.3% and 13.3%. First annual crossover: Not reached by 2100. Estimates run through 2023 and WPP Medium projections begin in 2024.

Youth and older population in Madagascar, 1950 to 2100 Madagascar annual age balance from 1950 to 2100. Under-18 population moves from 44.9% in 1950 to 46.1% in 2023 and 25.8% in the 2100 projection. Population aged 65 and older moves from 3.3% to 3.3% and 13.3%. First annual crossover: Not reached by 2100. Estimates run through 2023 and WPP Medium projections begin in 2024. 0% 20% 40% 60% 1950 1975 2000 2023 2050 2075 2100 ESTIMATES · THROUGH 2023 WPP MEDIUM PROJECTION UNDER 18 · 25.8% 65+ · 13.3%
1950
Under 18 · 44.9%65+ · 3.3%
2023 observed
Under 18 · 46.1%65+ · 3.3%
2100 projected
Under 18 · 25.8%65+ · 13.3%
Annual evidence · 151 source rows
Madagascar under-18 and 65+ population history
YearEvidenceUnder 18Share65+Share
1950 observed 1,776,484 44.9% 128,619 3.3%
1951 observed 1,842,708 45.4% 131,912 3.3%
1952 observed 1,911,162 45.9% 135,376 3.3%
1953 observed 1,982,728 46.5% 139,005 3.3%
1954 observed 2,057,170 47.0% 142,797 3.3%
1955 observed 2,134,190 47.5% 146,720 3.3%
1956 observed 2,214,447 48.1% 150,846 3.3%
1957 observed 2,298,663 48.6% 155,269 3.3%
1958 observed 2,387,088 49.2% 159,914 3.3%
1959 observed 2,479,320 49.8% 164,668 3.3%
1960 observed 2,574,554 50.4% 169,535 3.3%
1961 observed 2,671,833 50.9% 174,542 3.3%
1962 observed 2,770,342 51.5% 179,640 3.3%
1963 observed 2,869,768 51.9% 184,998 3.3%
1964 observed 2,970,275 52.4% 190,382 3.4%
1965 observed 3,072,525 52.8% 195,960 3.4%
1966 observed 3,175,796 53.2% 202,155 3.4%
1967 observed 3,270,724 53.3% 208,839 3.4%
1968 observed 3,358,417 53.3% 216,120 3.4%
1969 observed 3,449,943 53.2% 224,222 3.5%
1970 observed 3,547,494 53.2% 233,087 3.5%
1971 observed 3,651,523 53.2% 242,751 3.5%
1972 observed 3,761,339 53.2% 253,088 3.6%
1973 observed 3,876,294 53.2% 263,469 3.6%
1974 observed 3,996,020 53.2% 272,860 3.6%
1975 observed 4,120,394 53.2% 280,765 3.6%
1976 observed 4,249,390 53.3% 287,261 3.6%
1977 observed 4,383,029 53.3% 292,294 3.6%
1978 observed 4,521,727 53.3% 296,212 3.5%
1979 observed 4,665,384 53.4% 299,590 3.4%
1980 observed 4,812,657 53.4% 302,775 3.4%
1981 observed 4,961,373 53.5% 305,636 3.3%
1982 observed 5,111,853 53.5% 308,269 3.2%
1983 observed 5,264,259 53.5% 311,087 3.2%
1984 observed 5,417,627 53.5% 314,531 3.1%
1985 observed 5,572,031 53.4% 318,814 3.1%
1986 observed 5,724,627 53.3% 324,029 3.0%
1987 observed 5,876,173 53.2% 330,363 3.0%
1988 observed 6,031,205 53.0% 337,589 3.0%
1989 observed 6,191,095 52.9% 345,236 2.9%
1990 observed 6,358,054 52.7% 353,127 2.9%
1991 observed 6,533,173 52.6% 361,294 2.9%
1992 observed 6,715,234 52.5% 369,711 2.9%
1993 observed 6,906,494 52.3% 378,710 2.9%
1994 observed 7,109,535 52.2% 388,585 2.9%
1995 observed 7,325,561 52.1% 399,206 2.8%
1996 observed 7,555,061 52.1% 410,635 2.8%
1997 observed 7,796,837 52.0% 422,941 2.8%
1998 observed 8,050,174 52.0% 435,873 2.8%
1999 observed 8,311,089 51.9% 448,979 2.8%
2000 observed 8,572,265 51.9% 462,037 2.8%
2001 observed 8,832,166 51.9% 475,044 2.8%
2002 observed 9,091,293 51.8% 488,047 2.8%
2003 observed 9,350,112 51.7% 500,901 2.8%
2004 observed 9,613,806 51.7% 513,472 2.8%
2005 observed 9,883,171 51.6% 525,833 2.7%
2006 observed 10,154,431 51.5% 538,161 2.7%
2007 observed 10,427,303 51.3% 550,600 2.7%
2008 observed 10,701,956 51.1% 563,474 2.7%
2009 observed 10,979,157 51.0% 577,010 2.7%
2010 observed 11,255,538 50.7% 591,376 2.7%
2011 observed 11,519,985 50.5% 606,923 2.7%
2012 observed 11,768,631 50.2% 623,849 2.7%
2013 observed 12,005,763 49.8% 643,346 2.7%
2014 observed 12,232,456 49.4% 671,817 2.7%
2015 observed 12,449,150 49.0% 708,960 2.8%
2016 observed 12,661,407 48.5% 748,189 2.9%
2017 observed 12,878,949 48.1% 788,486 2.9%
2018 observed 13,110,728 47.7% 829,928 3.0%
2019 observed 13,357,309 47.3% 872,547 3.1%
2020 observed 13,613,640 47.0% 913,071 3.2%
2021 observed 13,874,137 46.7% 952,282 3.2%
2022 observed 14,134,001 46.4% 994,576 3.3%
2023 observed 14,391,946 46.1% 1,040,435 3.3%
2024 projected 14,648,106 45.8% 1,088,455 3.4%
2025 projected 14,899,742 45.5% 1,137,051 3.5%
2026 projected 15,144,219 45.2% 1,185,862 3.5%
2027 projected 15,380,029 44.8% 1,234,637 3.6%
2028 projected 15,610,331 44.5% 1,283,323 3.7%
2029 projected 15,843,787 44.1% 1,332,193 3.7%
2030 projected 16,081,930 43.8% 1,381,791 3.8%
2031 projected 16,319,560 43.5% 1,432,741 3.8%
2032 projected 16,554,254 43.2% 1,485,591 3.9%
2033 projected 16,786,049 42.9% 1,540,877 3.9%
2034 projected 17,011,878 42.6% 1,598,907 4.0%
2035 projected 17,227,818 42.3% 1,660,035 4.1%
2036 projected 17,430,860 42.0% 1,724,605 4.2%
2037 projected 17,620,283 41.6% 1,792,303 4.2%
2038 projected 17,800,241 41.2% 1,862,549 4.3%
2039 projected 17,975,171 40.8% 1,934,999 4.4%
2040 projected 18,146,958 40.5% 2,009,689 4.5%
2041 projected 18,315,494 40.1% 2,086,625 4.6%
2042 projected 18,479,932 39.7% 2,165,785 4.7%
2043 projected 18,640,991 39.4% 2,247,361 4.7%
2044 projected 18,799,030 39.0% 2,331,121 4.8%
2045 projected 18,954,129 38.7% 2,416,092 4.9%
2046 projected 19,107,593 38.3% 2,501,181 5.0%
2047 projected 19,259,566 38.0% 2,586,824 5.1%
2048 projected 19,409,519 37.7% 2,673,716 5.2%
2049 projected 19,557,235 37.4% 2,762,149 5.3%
2050 projected 19,703,187 37.0% 2,852,687 5.4%
2051 projected 19,846,852 36.7% 2,944,141 5.5%
2052 projected 19,987,378 36.4% 3,037,181 5.5%
2053 projected 20,124,281 36.1% 3,134,846 5.6%
2054 projected 20,257,133 35.9% 3,238,407 5.7%
2055 projected 20,386,626 35.6% 3,348,947 5.8%
2056 projected 20,513,181 35.3% 3,466,567 6.0%
2057 projected 20,635,904 35.0% 3,590,153 6.1%
2058 projected 20,754,307 34.7% 3,720,596 6.2%
2059 projected 20,868,908 34.5% 3,859,505 6.4%
2060 projected 20,979,284 34.2% 4,007,676 6.5%
2061 projected 21,085,089 33.9% 4,165,222 6.7%
2062 projected 21,186,433 33.7% 4,331,025 6.9%
2063 projected 21,282,983 33.4% 4,503,367 7.1%
2064 projected 21,374,356 33.1% 4,678,327 7.3%
2065 projected 21,460,092 32.9% 4,851,388 7.4%
2066 projected 21,540,777 32.6% 5,021,750 7.6%
2067 projected 21,616,128 32.4% 5,189,746 7.8%
2068 projected 21,685,699 32.1% 5,355,856 7.9%
2069 projected 21,750,913 31.9% 5,521,592 8.1%
2070 projected 21,812,150 31.6% 5,687,484 8.3%
2071 projected 21,869,306 31.4% 5,854,392 8.4%
2072 projected 21,922,570 31.2% 6,024,127 8.6%
2073 projected 21,970,788 30.9% 6,197,985 8.7%
2074 projected 22,013,243 30.7% 6,377,019 8.9%
2075 projected 22,050,658 30.5% 6,557,875 9.1%
2076 projected 22,083,061 30.2% 6,733,579 9.2%
2077 projected 22,110,967 30.0% 6,903,237 9.4%
2078 projected 22,135,308 29.8% 7,070,931 9.5%
2079 projected 22,155,526 29.6% 7,237,914 9.7%
2080 projected 22,171,800 29.4% 7,404,118 9.8%
2081 projected 22,185,171 29.1% 7,572,301 9.9%
2082 projected 22,195,962 28.9% 7,746,097 10.1%
2083 projected 22,204,728 28.7% 7,928,724 10.3%
2084 projected 22,210,865 28.5% 8,120,709 10.4%
2085 projected 22,214,707 28.3% 8,319,006 10.6%
2086 projected 22,217,596 28.1% 8,520,205 10.8%
2087 projected 22,218,697 28.0% 8,722,720 11.0%
2088 projected 22,217,054 27.8% 8,926,460 11.2%
2089 projected 22,211,826 27.6% 9,132,101 11.3%
2090 projected 22,202,896 27.4% 9,339,144 11.5%
2091 projected 22,191,765 27.2% 9,546,958 11.7%
2092 projected 22,178,839 27.1% 9,754,854 11.9%
2093 projected 22,164,008 26.9% 9,962,050 12.1%
2094 projected 22,147,276 26.7% 10,168,672 12.3%
2095 projected 22,127,303 26.6% 10,374,686 12.5%
2096 projected 22,103,608 26.4% 10,580,205 12.6%
2097 projected 22,077,519 26.2% 10,784,415 12.8%
2098 projected 22,049,628 26.1% 10,986,788 13.0%
2099 projected 22,018,579 25.9% 11,187,369 13.2%
2100 projected 21,983,528 25.8% 11,386,837 13.3%
SOURCE · UN WPP 2024 · SINGLE-AGE POPULATION CHECKS PASSED · DETAILS⌄
Releasewpp2024
RevisionPOP/DB/WPP/Rev.2024/GEN/F01/Rev.1
Vintage2024 Revision, Online Edition
Retrieved2026-06-25T11:25:03+00:00
LicenceCC BY 3.0 IGO
Formulaunder18-vs-65plus-annual-history-v1
Transformpipeline.derive.age_structure_history
Raw file SHA-2566de949eb0d6bf3277959da88c7591c608ad5fd995a17b4f120c11245a351dfb1 · d9c962d7e0beb731d3450cfabba8499a1449411e3c8aec3aeced06a7a2955b6e
Measurement universeall 237 WPP country and area records in the canonical Register
Reference time1950–2023 estimates; 2024–2100 WPP Medium projection
UnitPeople and percentage of same-year single-age population.
Evidence statusAnnual estimates through 2023; WPP Medium projection thereafter. No interpolation.
Download image card Compare Madagascar with…
SOURCE · UN WPP 2024 CHECKS PASSED · DETAILS⌄
Releasewpp2024
RevisionPOP/DB/WPP/Rev.2024/GEN/F01/Rev.1
Vintage2024 Revision, Online Edition
Retrieved2026-06-25T11:25:03+00:00
LicenceCC BY 3.0 IGO
Formulathousands-to-people-v1
Transformreproducible canonical pipeline
Measurement universeDe facto population: all residents in the country or area, regardless of legal status or citizenship.
Reference timePopulation is measured at 1 July 2024; annual flows cover the source year.
UnitPeople; the source workbook's thousands are converted to whole people for display.
Evidence status2024 medium-variant projection; estimates run through 2023.