ROLLING HISTORY · 1954–2023
Five-year fertility average
The shaded bands show the distribution across 237 equally weighted countries and areas. Select any table row to place its path in context.
Japancountry medianmiddle 50% and 80%2.1 reference
Fertility trends
The latest annual fertility rate shows where each country stood in 2023. Its five-year trend shows whether the smoothed rate was stable, rising, or falling.
Latest observed snapshot2023 TFR
Five-year trend2018–2023
Replacement reference≈ 2.1
LATEST OBSERVED LEVEL × FIVE-YEAR TREND
Fertility levels
Columns classify the 2023 fertility rate. Rows show whether the rolling five-year rate rose, held stable, or fell from 2018 to 2023. Select a header or cell to filter the country table.
Showing all 237 records.
OBSERVED EVIDENCE · ALL RECORDS
Country detail
Sort any column. Selecting a row updates the long-history view; country names open the corresponding profile.
Period TFR describes a hypothetical lifetime under the age-specific fertility rates of a given period. It is an earlier signal than total population change, but it is not completed cohort fertility and does not lock in a future population outcome.
SOURCE · UN WPP 2024 · FERTILITY TRENDS CHECKS PASSED · DETAILS⌄
Releasewpp2024
RevisionPOP/DB/WPP/Rev.2024/GEN/F01/Rev.1
Retrieved2026-06-25T11:25:03+00:00
LicenceCC BY 3.0 IGO
Formulafertility-trends-v2 · fertility-level-bands-v1
Transformsite/src/lib/fertility-trends.ts
Raw file SHA-25698e34d9b65b53858cd08a57a566e45050b08093ad85ba5714fe6fbd78055ae6d
Measurement universeAll 237 WPP countries and areas with complete observed fertility and population series through 2023.
Reference time2023 latest observed annual TFR; five-year trend compares the 2014–2018 and 2019–2023 rolling windows.
UnitBirths per woman; share of observed 2023 population; separate recent annual population pace.
Evidence statusObserved WPP estimates through 2023; no projected fertility values are used.